Somatomedins are major proteins inside the human body that the liver produces to reduce or stop the release of growth hormones. But the question is, what effects do somatomedins have on growth hormones? Keep reading to learn more.
The name Somatomedin often goes hand-in-hand with topics circulating the human growth hormones. In many health studies, you can usually find the mention of Somatomedin in its other form: IGFs or insulin-like growth factors.
But what are Somatomedins? These are a group of proteins produced by the liver and are responsible for the regulation of the growth hormones GH. They multiply when GH acts in target tissues, yet they curtail the secretion of GH by acting directly on the anterior pituitary.
Per an article on Wikipedia, somatomedins also spur the secretion of somatostatin from the hypothalamus.
It is produced in many parts of the body, namely by the cells and is filtered by the liver. The Somatomedins are greatly impacted by their relationship with HGH.
Somatomedins are a type of protein and their secretion typically inhibits the production of HGH. There are 3 types of Somatomedins:
Somatomedin A also called insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2), which is a type of somatomedin produced in the liver, as well as other tissues such as the placenta, kidney, and brain. IGF-2 plays an important role in fetal and postnatal growth and development, and it is also involved in a range of other physiological processes such as glucose metabolism, muscle growth, and bone formation.
Like other somatomedins, IGF-2 is regulated by growth hormone (GH), which stimulates the liver and other tissues to produce and release IGF-2 into the bloodstream.
Somatomedin B, also known as insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3), is a protein that binds to insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and regulates their activity.
It is produced mainly by the liver, although other tissues also produce smaller amounts of it.
IGFBP-3 binds to IGF-1 and IGF-2, which are peptide hormones that play important roles in growth, development, and metabolism.
When bound to IGFBP-3, IGFs are stabilized in the circulation and are protected from degradation, which prolongs their half-life and increases their bioavailability.
IGFBP-3 can also modulate the activity of IGFs by inhibiting or enhancing their interaction with cell surface receptors, depending on the context.
Somatomedin C also called insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), is a protein that plays an important role in growth and development, particularly during childhood and adolescence.
It is produced by the liver, as well as by many other tissues throughout the body, in response to stimulation by growth hormone.
IGF-1 acts as a hormone and a growth factor, promoting cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. It has effects on multiple tissues, including bone, muscle, and cartilage, and is involved in the regulation of metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and immune function.
Insulin-like Growth Factor mRNA is widely distributed in the body and controlled by GH. Its circulation is via binding with the insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBPs).
Per an article on the Science Direct publication, the most abundant type of IGFBPs is IGFBP-3, even though six main distinct IGFBPs exist.
The three of them stimulate cell growth and its division. The relation between IGFs and HGH is that they stimulate each other, making optimized growth when working well together.
Generally, the IGF-1 or Somatomedin C is stimulated by the secretion of HGH, which then works its way to grow cells and divide them in proportion. Another name for HGH (human growth hormones) is Somatrotopin.
The level of Somatomedin in the body is highest during puberty, which explains the human’s rapid growth during this period. As the human grows older, his levels of both Somatomedin and Somatotropin decrease.
Also, somatomedin stimulates protein synthesis by activating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, which plays a critical role in muscle growth and repair.
It also enhances the uptake of amino acids into cells, which are the building blocks of proteins, and promotes their incorporation into new proteins.
These effects are essential for muscle growth and repair, and somatomedin is therefore considered to be an anabolic hormone. GH also promotes protein synthesis, and somatomedin plays a key role in mediating this effect.
In addition to its anabolic effects, somatomedin also acts as a negative feedback regulator of GH secretion. When GH levels are high, somatomedin is released in response and inhibits further GH secretion by the pituitary gland.
This means that somatomedin helps to regulate the levels of GH in the body and prevent excess GH from being released. This feedback loop is essential for maintaining normal levels of GH and preventing the harmful effects of GH excess.
Furthermore, somatomedin can stimulate the release of GH from the pituitary gland indirectly by promoting the release of GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) from the hypothalamus.
This means that somatomedin can help to stimulate the release of GH when needed. This feedback loop is essential for maintaining normal levels of GH and preventing the harmful effects of GH deficiency.
The study of somatomedins came as a result of extensive tests that established that not all tissue growth emanated directly from epiphyseal growth centers.
After experimenting with rats to ascertain whether they grew more from localized or random centers, it was concluded that the GH stimulated the synthesis of a factor in serum to modulate cellular and linear growth.
This experiment is detailed in an article appearing on the Journal Sage publication.
On average, people start losing high amounts of HGH in their early 30s. As such, it is common to see symptoms of HGH deficiency, which can be also called Somatotropin Deficiency Syndrome. Some symptoms include, but are not limited to:
- Increased body fat
- Decreased capability for healing
- Low energy or excessive fatigue
- Increased risk for cardiovascular ailments
- Osteoporosis, grey hair, and wrinkles
- Lower life expectancy
People have found that when they start getting HGH therapy, their level of Somatomedins will increase again. The HGH injection pushes the body to secrete more amounts of Somatomedin to create new cells.
SIMILAR QUESTION
Does Growth Hormone Stimulate Somatomedin?
Introduction
Growth hormone (GH) is a peptide hormone produced by the anterior pituitary and is an essential regulator of growth, metabolism, and energy homeostasis in humans. GH stimulates the production of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and is responsible for the production of somatomedin, which is a peptide hormone involved in regulating cell growth and differentiation. This paper will explore the relationship between GH and somatomedin and how GH stimulates somatomedin production.
Body
GH is the primary regulator of somatomedin production in humans. GH binds to its receptor on the cell surface and increases the activity of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway, which is responsible for the production and release of IGF-1. IGF-1 is a peptide hormone that binds to its receptor on the cell surface and activates intracellular signaling pathways that lead to the production of somatomedin. GH also directly stimulates somatomedin production by stimulating the activity of the PI3K pathway, which activates intracellular signaling pathways that lead to the production and release of somatomedin.
Somatomedin is involved in the growth and differentiation of cells, as well as in the regulation of metabolism and energy homeostasis. It has been suggested that GH-mediated production of somatomedin is important for normal growth and development, and may be involved in the regulation of body composition, muscle mass, and bone mineral density.
Conclusion
In conclusion, GH is an essential regulator of growth, metabolism, and energy homeostasis and is the primary regulator of somatomedin production. GH stimulates the production of IGF-1, which then binds to its receptor and activates intracellular signaling pathways that lead to the production of somatomedin. GH also directly stimulates somatomedin production by stimulating the activity of the PI3K pathway. Somatomedin is involved in the growth and differentiation of cells, as well as in the regulation of metabolism and energy homeostasis. Therefore, GH does stimulate somatomedin production.
